Whakataki Hua
Ko te hauota hauota, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te hau kata, ko te hauota rānei, he matū matū, he waikura o te hauota me te tātai N2O. I te pāmahana rūma, he hau kore tae, kāore e mura, he kakara konganuku me te reka pakupaku. I ngā pāmahana teitei, he kaha te waikura hauota hei whakahāngai i te hauota, he rite ki te hāora ngota.
He nui ngā whakamahinga hauora o te hauota hauota, inā koa i roto i te pokanga me te niho, mō ōna pānga whakamoe me te whakaiti i te mamae. Ko tōna ingoa "hau kata", i tapaina e Humphry Davy, nā te pānga harikoa i te manawa, he āhuatanga i arahi ai ki tōna whakamahinga whakangahau hei whakamoe wehewehe. Kei runga i te Rārangi Rongoā Tino a te Whakahaere Hauora o te Ao, ko ngā rongoā tino whai hua me te haumaru e hiahiatia ana i roto i te pūnaha hauora.[2] Ka whakamahia hoki hei whakamoe i roto i ngā perehana rōkete, me te reihi motuka hei whakanui ake i te putanga mana o ngā miihini.
| Ingoa Ingarihi | Waikura hauota | Tātai ngota | N2O |
| Taumaha ngota | 44.01 | Āhua | Kore tae |
| Nama CAS | 10024-97-2 | Te pāmahana tino nui | 26.5℃ |
| EINESC Nama | 233-032-0 | Pēhanga nui | 7.263MPa |
| Te pūwāhi rewa | -91℃ | Te mātotoru o te kohu | 1.530 |
| Te pūwāhi koropupū | -89℃ | Te mātotoru o te hau | 1 |
| Te wairewatanga | Ka taea te whakaranu ki te wai | Akomanga DOT | 2.2 |
| UN Nama. | 1070 |
Whakatakotoranga
| Whakatakotoranga | 99.9% | 99.999% |
| KĀORE/KĀORE2 | <1ppm | <1ppm |
| Te Hauhā Waro | <5ppm | <0.5ppm |
| Hauhā Waro | <100ppm | <1ppm |
| Hauota | / | <2ppm |
| Hāora+Ākona | / | <2ppm |
| THC (hei methane) | / | <0.1ppm |
| Makuku (H2O) | <10ppm | <2ppm |
Tono
Hauora
Kua whakamahia te hauota hauota i roto i ngā mahi niho me te pokanga, hei rongoā whakamoe me te whakamamae mamae, mai i te tau 1844.
Hikohiko
Ka whakamahia ngātahitia me te silane mō te whakatakotoranga kohu matū o ngā paparanga silicon nitride; ka whakamahia hoki i roto i te tukatuka wera tere hei whakatipu i ngā waikura kēti kounga teitei.
Te Tākai me te Tukunga
| Hua | Wai N2O Hauota | ||
| Rahi o te Mōkihi | Pūwero 40Lt | Pūwero 50Ltr | Tāke ISO |
| Taumaha Kupenga Whakakī/Hiko | 20Kg | 25Kg | / |
| RAHIA I utaina i roto i te 20'Ipu | 240 Cyls | 200 Cyls | |
| Taumaha Kupenga Katoa | 4.8Tana | 5Tana | |
| Taumaha Tāra Puoto | 50Kg | 55Kg | |
| Takirere | Parahi SA/CGA-326 | ||
Ngā mahi āwhina tuatahi
TE MANAWA: Ki te puta he pānga kino, nekehia ki te wāhi kāore i poke. Hoatu he manawa horihori ki te kore
te manawa. Mena he uaua te manawa, me hoatu te hāora e ngā kaimahi whai tohu. Me tiki tonu
te aro hauora.
TE PA KI TE KIRIHIRI: Ki te puta he hukapapa, he hukapapa rānei, horoia tonutia ki te wai mahana (105-115 F; 41-46 C). KAUA E WHAKAMAHI I TE WAI WERA. Ki te kore e wātea he wai mahana, takaihia mārire ngā wāhanga e pāngia ana ki roto i te kiri.
ngā paraikete. Rapua tonutia he awhina hauora.
TE PA KI NGĀ KANOHI: Horoia ngā kanohi ki te nui o te wai.
HOROMIA: Ki te horomia he nui, rapua he awhina hauora.
TUHI KI TE TAOTE: Mō te manawa, whakaarohia te hāora.
Ngā Whakamahinga
1. Ngā motuka roketi
Ka taea te whakamahi i te hauota hauota hei whakahāngai i roto i te motuka rōkete. He painga tēnei i ētahi atu whakahāngai nā te mea ehara i te mea he kore paitini anake, engari nā tōna pumau i te pāmahana rūma he māmā ake te penapena me te haumaru ake te kawe i runga i te rerenga. Hei painga tuarua, ka taea te pirau wawe hei hanga hau manawa. Nā tōna matotoru me te iti o te pēhanga rokiroki (ina puritia i te pāmahana iti) ka taea ai e ia te whakataetae ki ngā pūnaha hau pēhanga teitei kua rongoatia.
2. Mīhini tahunga ā-roto — (Mīhini hauota waikura)
I roto i ngā reihi waka, ka taea e te hauota waikura (e kiia ana ko te "hauota noa") te tuku i te miihini ki te tahu wahie nui ake mā te tuku i te hāora nui atu i te hau anake, ka hua ake he mura kaha ake.
He rerekē te waikura hauota wai o te waka mai i te waikura hauota hauora. Ka tāpirihia he iti noa te hauota whanariki (SO2) hei ārai i te whakamahi kino i ngā matū. Mā te horoinga maha i roto i te turanga (pērā i te hauwai konutai) ka taea te tango i tēnei, ka whakaiti i ngā āhuatanga waikura e kitea ana ina whakahāngaihia te SO2 i te wā e tahuna ana hei waikawa whanariki, ka ma ake ngā tukunga.
3. Pūwero hau
Kua whakaaetia te hau hei tāpiri kai (e mōhiotia ana ko te E942), inā koa hei pūwero rehu hau. Ko ōna whakamahinga tino noa i roto i tēnei horopaki ko ngā ipu kirīmi whiu hau, ngā rehu tunu kai, me te hau kore e whakamahia hei whakakore i te hāora hei aukati i te tipu o te huakita i te wā e whakakī ana i ngā kete maramara rīwai me ētahi atu kai paramanawa rite.
Waihoki, ko te rehu tunu kai, he mea hanga mai i ngā momo hinu rerekē kua konatunatua ki te lecithin (he emulsifier), ka whakamahi pea i te hauota hauota hei propellant. Ko ētahi atu propellant e whakamahia ana i roto i te rehu tunu kai ko te waipiro kai-kai me te propane.
4. Rongoā——–Waikura hauota (rongoā)
Mai i te tau 1844, kua whakamahia te hauota waikura i roto i ngā mahi niho me te pokanga, hei rongoā whakamoe me te whakamamae i te mamae.
He ngoikore te hauota waikura, nō reira, kāore e whakamahia ko ia anake i roto i te whakamoe whānui, engari ka whakamahia hei hau kawe (kua konatunatua ki te hāora) mō ngā rongoā whakamoe whānui kaha ake pērā i te sevoflurane, te desflurane rānei. Ko te kukū iti rawa o te alveolar he 105%, ā, ko te tauwehenga toto/hau he 0.46. Heoi, mā te whakamahinga o te hauota waikura i roto i te whakamoe ka piki ake te mōrearea o te whakapairuaki me te ruaki i muri i te pokanga.
I Peretānia me Kānata, e whakamahia whānuitia ana a Entonox me Nitronox e ngā kaimahi waka tūroro (tae atu ki ngā tākuta kāore i rēhita) hei hau whakamamae tere, tino whai hua hoki.
Ka taea te whakaaro ki te whakamahi i te 50% hauota waikura hei rongoā mā ngā kaiwhakaora tuatahi ehara i te tohunga ngaio i mua i te hōhipera, i te mea he ngāwari me te haumaru te hoatu i te 50% hauota waikura hei rongoā whakamamae. Mā te tere o te hurihanga o tōna pānga ka ārai i te tautuhi mate.
5. Whakamahinga whakangahau
Ko te manawa whakangahau o te hauota waikura, me te whāinga ki te whakahihiri me/ranei te whakapohehe i ngā whakaaro, i tīmata hei āhuatanga mō te hunga rangatira o Peretānia i te tau 1799, e mōhiotia ana ko ngā "rōpū hau kata".
I te United Kingdom, i te tau 2014, e kiia ana e tata ana ki te hawhe miriona nga taiohi e whakamahi ana i te hauota hauota i nga waahi whakangahau, nga hakari, me nga huihuinga. He rereke te ture o taua whakamahinga i ia whenua ki ia whenua, tae atu ki ia taone ki ia taone i etahi whenua.
Te wā tuku: Mei-26-2021
